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Kampong Cham (Khmer: កំពង់ចាម, UNGEGN: Kâmpóng Cham [kɑmpɔŋ caːm]; lit. ‘Cham Port‘) is a province of Cambodia located on the central lowlands of the Mekong River. It borders the provinces of Kampong Chhnang to the west, Kampong Thom and Kratié to the north, Tboung Khmum to the east, and Prey Veng and Kandal to the south. Kampong Cham was officially divided into two provinces on 31 December 2013 in what was seen by many as a political move by the ruling party. All land west of the Mekong remained Kampong Cham while land east of the river became Tbong Khmum province. Prior to this division, Kampong Cham extended eastward to the international border with Vietnam, was the eleventh largest province in Cambodia, and with a population of 1,680,694, was the most populous province in Cambodia. Its capital and largest city is Kampong Cham.
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Kampong Cham
កំពង់ចាម
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Province
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    From top: Wat Nokor, Wat Dey Doh, Bos Knoar Hill, Phnom Srei
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Seal
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Map of Cambodia highlighting Kampong Cham
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| Coordinates: 11°59′N 105°27′E | |
| Country |  Cambodia |
| Provincial status | 1 January 1885 |
| Tboung Khmum division | 31 December 2013 |
| Capital | Kampong Cham |
| Subdivisions | 1 municipality; 9 districts |
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Government |
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| • Governor | Un Chanda (CPP) |
| • National Assembly |
10 / 125 |
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Area |
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| • Total | 4,549 km2 (1,756 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 18th |
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Population (2023)
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| • Total |  988,846 |
| • Rank | 7th |
| • Density | 198/km2 (510/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 5th |
| Time zone | UTC+07:00 (ICT) |
| Dialing code | +855 |
| ISO 3166 code | KH-3 |
Kampong Cham is the corrupted word of “Kampong Rong Chamm” means “The Waiting Port” then shorten as “Kampong Chamm”, Later, the sound changed to “Kampong Cham” in Khmer. Kampong means port or harbor. Chamm refers to the “Waiting”. A symbol the province is known for is two snakes sinuously wrapped around each other, which is located at the capital city bridge, Kampong Cham.
Kampong Cham is primarily lowlands. The main river is the Mekong River, which forms the eastern border of the province, separating it from Tbong Khmum province.
The state religion is Theravada Buddhism. More than 97.6% of the people in Kampong Cham province are Buddhists. About 2.3% population of Kampong Cham province follow Islam followed by Chams. Christianity is followed by 0.1% in the province.
Kampong Cham is subdivided into 9 districts and 1 municipality which in turn are subdivided into communes (khum) which are further divided into villages (phum). The province formerly consisted of 16 districts, however a request by Hun Sen’s government to split the province in two was made after his ruling Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) lost the province to the opposition in the July 2013 elections. The CPP won only eight of the available 18 National Assembly seats in Hun Sen’s home province. The request, which was ostensibly made to improve administrative efficiency in the large province, was approved by King Sihamoni on 31 December 2013. The 10 districts that remain in Kampong Cham province overwhelmingly voted for the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party, led by Sam Rainsy, while five of the six districts cut out from Kampong Cham to form Tboung Khmum province were won solidly by the CPP.
| ISO code |
Name | Khmer | Population (2019) | Subdivisions | |
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| — Municipality — | |||||
| 03-05 | Kampong Cham | កំពង់ចាម | 38,365 | 4 sangkat | |
| — District — | |||||
| 03-01 | Batheay | បាធាយ | 106,997 | 12 khum | |
| 03-02 | Chamkar Loeu | ចំការលើ | 101,675 | 8 khum | |
| 03-03 | Cheung Prey | ជើងព្រៃ | 92,898 | 10 khum | |
| 03-06 | Kampong Siem | កំពង់សៀម | 94,729 | 15 khum | |
| 03-07 | Kang Meas | កងមាស | 85,488 | 11 khum | |
| 03-08 | Koh Sotin | កោះសូទិន | 48,069 | 8 khum | |
| 03-13 | Prey Chhor | ព្រៃឈរ | 133,712 | 15 khum | |
| 03-14 | Srey Santhor | ស្រីសន្ធរ | 81,687 | 14 khum | |
| 03-15 | Steung Trang | ស្ទឹងត្រង់ | 103,501 | 12 khum | |
2 districts in south Mekong river are Koh Sotin and Steung Trang
